Trump Weighs Taiwan Arms Sales Following Strategic Summit With Xi

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ByOlivia Kendall

May 15, 2026

President Trump is evaluating a multibillion-dollar Taiwan arms package after high-stakes meetings with Xi Jinping, balancing Pacific security commitments against a desire for Chinese cooperation on Iran.

President Donald Trump departed Beijing on Friday leaving the future of a major Taiwan defense package in limbo, signaling a potential shift in the traditional American approach to Pacific security. Following three days of bilateral talks with Chinese President Xi Jinping at the Zhongnanhai leadership compound, Trump confirmed he has not yet decided whether to move forward with approximately $14 billion in new arms sales. This package, which requires formal notification to Congress to proceed, sits on top of an $11 billion deal approved in December that remains unsigned. The President noted he would make a determination in the next short period of time, emphasizing a desire to avoid a war 9,500 miles away.

The President’s hesitation follows a summit where economic and security interests were deeply intertwined. Trump brought a high-powered delegation of approximately 20 top American executives—including leaders from Tesla, SpaceX, Nvidia, Goldman Sachs, BlackRock, Boeing, and GE Aerospace—to discuss trade and regional stability. A primary achievement of the visit, according to the White House, was a commitment from President Xi to withhold military equipment from Iran and cooperate on reopening the Strait of Hormuz. The critical waterway has been effectively closed since the start of the Iran conflict on February 28, 2026, choking off nearly 20% of the world’s oil supply and threatening a global recession.

However, this cooperation appears to carry a significant geopolitical price. During the meetings, Xi warned that mishandling the Taiwan issue could lead to dangerous confrontation or even a clash. Trump’s decision to openly discuss the arms package with the Chinese leader has drawn sharp scrutiny from policy experts in Washington. These analysts suggest that such consultations may breach the 1982 Six Assurances, a set of principles formulated under President Ronald Reagan which pledge that the United States will not consult with Beijing regarding arms sales to Taipei. By hearing Xi out on the specific weapons package, critics argue the administration may be creating a precedent that narrows U.S. flexibility.

On Air Force One, Trump emphasized that he made no formal commitments to Xi regarding the island’s security and refused to say whether the U.S. would defend the island militarily. This rhetoric has fueled a debate over whether the administration is utilizing strategic ambiguity as leverage to secure Chinese assistance in the Middle East or if it signals a weakening of the Western security umbrella. Secretary of State Marco Rubio attempted to steady the waters, stating that U.S. policy remains unchanged and that it would be a terrible mistake for China to take Taiwan by force. Rubio framed Xi’s warnings as standard practice, noting that Chinese officials always raise the topic in bilateral settings.

Beyond the immediate security concerns, the summit touched on broader strategic shifts. Trump proposed a three-way nuclear pact involving the U.S., Russia, and China to cap warheads following the expiration of the New START treaty. While China has historically been cool to such parity, Trump claimed he received a very positive response from Xi. This comes as the Pentagon estimates China will possess more than 1,000 nuclear warheads by 2030, a rapid expansion from its current arsenal of approximately 600.

In Taipei, the legislature has already approved roughly $25 billion in special funding for these U.S. weapons, yet officials remain in a state of uncertainty. While relieved that no grand bargain was struck to trade away Taiwan’s sovereignty, the lack of a formal notification to Congress leaves the island’s defense modernization stalled. For now, the administration appears to be weighing the immediate need for energy security and Iranian containment against the long-term imperative of maintaining a credible deterrent in the Taiwan Strait. The unresolved arms decision remains the key post-summit uncertainty for markets and U.S. allies alike.

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