The Justice Department has sued California, alleging that more than 20,000 noncitizens are unlawfully registered to vote. It seeks to stop the state from tabulating mail ballots from people identified as likely noncitizens until their citizenship can be determined. A county clerk declined to review a password-protected thumb drive, citing data-security protocols, while California’s secretary of state said the federal list had not been provided. The allegations remain unproven, and the court has not ruled on the requested relief. The case joins a broader federal effort to obtain voter rolls, while its outcome will determine what California officials must do next.
TLDR: The Justice Department’s lawsuit alleges unlawful noncitizen registrations in California and asks a federal court to pause tabulation of certain mail ballots pending citizenship checks. California officials dispute parts of the federal account, and the court has not decided the case.
The Justice Department sued California on Thursday, alleging that more than 20,000 noncitizens are unlawfully registered to vote. The case, filed in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California, concerns voter-roll records and mail-in ballots ahead of the upcoming midterm elections. The allegations have not been established in court.
The department says the case is intended to address suspected noncitizen registrations and protect election integrity. Attorney General Todd Blanche said state-facilitated voter fraud is unacceptable and said that, if the state is found responsible in court, California will have undermined confidence in elections and violated laws protecting representative government.
The lawsuit says federal officials asked California to work with them to identify noncitizens on the voter rolls, but that the state made no serious effort. It asks the court to prevent California from tabulating vote-by-mail ballots from people described as likely noncitizens until their citizenship status can be determined. That request is a proposed remedy, not a court ruling.
The case followed letters Acting Deputy Attorney General Trent McCotter sent to counties earlier in the week. The letters directed counties, including Los Angeles County, to review names of suspected noncitizens who, according to McCotter, had received mail-in ballots for the midterms. His letter to the Los Angeles County Registrar-Recorder/County Clerk included a password-protected thumb drive that he said held names compiled by the Department of Homeland Security.
The letter set a 48-hour deadline for the clerk’s office to review the list. Los Angeles County Registrar-Recorder and County Clerk Dean Logan said the county would not review the thumb drive’s contents because the device did not meet established data privacy and information security protocols. Logan described it as an insecure medium. His response places the dispute over election records alongside questions about how government agencies can safely exchange sensitive information.
California Secretary of State Shirley Weber said the Justice Department had not provided the list of names. She also criticized what she called unsubstantiated claims that California had 190,000 noncitizens on its voter rolls. That figure differs from the department’s allegation that it identified more than 20,000 unlawfully registered noncitizens. The excerpt does not explain how either number was calculated or whether the groups described overlap.
Those differences matter because the case turns on records and individual citizenship status, not only on broad estimates. The Justice Department alleges that some people on its list are registered and received mail ballots. California officials dispute aspects of the federal account and have raised concerns about the way the information was delivered. The court will consider the lawsuit and the parties’ positions; the excerpt reports no finding that any named person unlawfully registered or cast a ballot.
The lawsuit is part of a wider effort by the Justice Department’s Civil Rights Division to obtain state voter records. The division has filed 31 lawsuits seeking unredacted copies of voter rolls. It has said the purpose is to ensure states maintain clean lists, and has acknowledged that it also intends to share the data with the Department of Homeland Security so the lists can be screened for noncitizens.
In July, Assistant Attorney General Harmeet Dhillon sent letters to all 50 states warning of possible criminal action if they knowingly allowed noncitizens to remain on voter rolls. The department has lost 26 of those cases and, according to the excerpt, has not yet won one. It has also used publicly available voter lists and other investigative methods to try to identify noncitizens who may be registered.
The practical effects described so far include a demand for a county review, a 48-hour deadline, and a request that a court halt tabulation of certain mail ballots until citizenship can be determined. No fee, new form, or additional compliance deadline is described in the excerpt. County election officials and California state officials are directly involved in the current dispute, while voters whose records are questioned could be affected if the court grants the requested relief. The lawsuit does not establish that every person identified by federal officials is ineligible or that any particular ballot was counted unlawfully.
The next steps are court proceedings over the department’s allegations and requested order. The court has not ruled on whether California must review the list or pause tabulation of the ballots at issue. Any deadlines or oversight that follow will depend on the case and the court’s decisions, making those proceedings necessary steps in determining what information can be used and what election officials must do.

